Rafia Razzaq

Pakistan’s growing water crisis, driven by policy gaps and climate change, demands urgent reforms for sustainable management and equitable access to avoid catastrophe.

Are water wars a myth or an imminent reality? Discover how climate change and geopolitics are turning water scarcity into a major driver of global conflict.

Pakistan’s IT growth is limited by low digital literacy. However, bridging education, gender, and access gaps is vital for inclusive, tech-driven national progress.

As tech giants extract vast amounts of data from developing countries, a new form of digital imperialism is emerging. Rafia Razzaq explores how the Global South risks becoming the new data colonies in the 21st century and what digital decolonization might look like.

The growing trust deficit between Pakistan’s state institutions and its citizens undermines governance and democratic legitimacy. This editorial analyzes the causes, consequences, and practical solutions to rebuild confidence through transparent governance, inclusive policymaking, and accountability reforms.

Artificial intelligence in education offers personalized learning and efficiency but raises concerns about critical thinking erosion, equity gaps, and ethical challenges. This editorial analyzes AI’s dual role as both opportunity and threat, urging balanced integration to empower learners and educators.