Question Breakdown
The question consists of two parts. First, it requires a detailed description of the basic beliefs of Islam, commonly known as Arkan-e-Iman, which represent the doctrinal foundation of a Muslim’s faith. Second, it demands an analysis of how these beliefs influence individual behavior and social structures. Thus, the answer must cover the theological definitions of each belief and illustrate their transformative role in moral development, personal accountability, and societal harmony through Qur’anic and Prophetic guidance.
Outline
- Introduction
- Definition and Importance of Basic Beliefs in Islam
- The Six Articles of Faith (Arkan-e-Iman)
- A. Belief in Allah
- B. Belief in Angels
- C. Belief in Divine Books
- D. Belief in Prophets
- E. Belief in the Day of Judgment
- F. Belief in Qadr (Divine Decree)
- Impact of Islamic Beliefs on Individual Life
- A. Strengthening of Faith and Identity
- B. Development of Moral Character
- C. Promotion of Accountability and Discipline
- D. Cultivation of Patience and Gratitude
- Impact of Islamic Beliefs on Society
- A. Foundation of Social Justice
- B. Promotion of Ethical Values and Unity
- C. Encouragement of Law and Order
- D. Building an Ideal Welfare Society
- Critical Analysis
- Conclusion
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Answer to the Question
Introduction
Islam is a complete code of life based on a solid foundation of belief and practice. The six articles of faith are essential for a Muslim’s spiritual identity and guide every aspect of life. These beliefs are not confined to personal creed but extend into actions, decisions, and social responsibility. Islam reforms both the heart of the believer and the structure of society through its doctrine of faith.
Definition and Importance of Basic Beliefs in Islam
Belief (Iman) in Islam means full conviction in the heart, affirmation by the tongue, and implementation in actions. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) summarized the articles of faith in a Hadith when Angel Jibreel asked him to define Iman. These beliefs represent the pillars of the unseen and prepare the believer to live a life of obedience and moral excellence.
As Allah says, “The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers… We make no distinction between any of His messengers.” (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:285)
The Six Articles of Faith (Arkan-e-Iman)
A. Belief in Allah
This is the foundation of all other beliefs. It includes belief in Allah’s oneness, attributes, power, mercy, and sovereignty. Belief in Allah fosters humility, accountability, and love for divine guidance.
B. Belief in Angels
Angels are unseen beings created by Allah to carry out divine orders. They are free from sin and serve various functions, such as recording deeds and delivering revelations. As Allah says, “They do not disobey Allah in what He commands them but do what they are commanded.”
(Surah At-Tahrim 66:6)
C. Belief in Divine Books
Muslims believe in the books revealed to various prophets, including the Torah, Psalms, Gospel, and the Qur’an. The Qur’an, however, is the final and complete guide, preserved in its original form.
D. Belief in Prophets
Prophets were sent to every nation as role models and bearers of divine guidance. Belief in all prophets without discrimination is essential in Islam, with Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) being the final messenger.
E. Belief in the Day of Judgment
This belief instills a sense of responsibility and justice, reminding believers that every action will be judged, and every soul will be rewarded or punished accordingly.
F. Belief in Qadr (Divine Decree)
Qadr means belief in Allah’s complete knowledge and control over everything, yet preserving human free will. It builds trust, resilience, and submission to divine wisdom. As Allah says, “Indeed, all things We created with predestination.” (Surah Al-Qamar 54:49)
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Impact of Islamic Beliefs on Individual Life
Islamic beliefs refine the individual’s behavior and mindset. Belief in Allah makes the heart firm against evil and brings spiritual satisfaction. The awareness of angels recording one’s deeds encourages honesty and self-restraint. Faith in divine books and prophets guides moral decisions and inspires noble actions. The belief in the Day of Judgment creates a sense of purpose, while belief in Qadr teaches contentment, optimism, and reliance on Allah in adversity. These beliefs ultimately build an individual of integrity, sincerity, and self-discipline.
Impact of Islamic Beliefs on Society
The collective impact of faith-based individuals transforms society. A community rooted in belief in Allah promotes justice and compassion. Belief in the hereafter encourages rulers and citizens alike to act with fairness. Prophetic teachings shape social systems based on truth and equality. The concept of divine accountability prevents exploitation and tyranny. As a result, Islamic beliefs create an environment where law, ethics, welfare, and peace flourish.
Critical Analysis
The basic beliefs of Islam are both spiritual and reformative in nature. They align the inner soul with divine truth and translate it into outward justice and harmony. Without belief, actions lose purpose, and societies collapse into moral chaos. The revival of Islamic beliefs is not only a spiritual necessity but also a socio-political requirement for today’s fragmented world. These beliefs are timeless tools for both inner reform and social transformation.
Conclusion
The six articles of faith are central to Islam and serve as the blueprint for an ideal life. They direct both the individual’s internal state and outward conduct, leading to a society rooted in justice, morality, and spiritual awareness. Through belief, Islam provides purpose, peace, and direction, ultimately aiming to create individuals and societies that reflect divine guidance on earth.
