Question Breakdown
The question consists of three major components: First, it asks for the definition of religion from both general and Islamic perspectives. Second, it requires a discussion on the necessity and importance of religion in human life, including its psychological, spiritual, and social functions. Finally, it asks to classify religions into revealed and non-revealed types and highlight the differences between them. The response should integrate Islamic understanding and highlight Qur’anic and historical references where applicable.
Outline
- Introduction
- Definition of Religion
- A. Etymological and General Definitions
- B. Islamic Concept of Religion
- Necessity of Religion in Human Life
- A. Need for a Moral Code
- B. Search for Meaning and Purpose
- C. Psychological and Emotional Fulfillment
- D. Social Cohesion and Order
- Importance of Religion in Islam
- A. Guidance from the Creator
- B. Complete Code of Life
- C. Spiritual and Moral Purification
- D. Preparation for the Hereafter
- Kinds of Religions
- A. Revealed Religions (Divine Origin)
- i. Judaism
- ii. Christianity
- iii. Islam
- B. Non-Revealed Religions (Man-Made or Philosophical)
- i. Hinduism
- ii. Buddhism
- iii. Confucianism and others
- A. Revealed Religions (Divine Origin)
- Difference Between Revealed and Non-Revealed Religions
- A. Source of Origin
- B. Concept of God and Prophethood
- C. Authenticity and Preservation
- D. Universality and Finality
- Critical Analysis
- Conclusion
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Answer to the Question
Introduction
Religion has remained a fundamental part of human civilization since the earliest days of recorded history. It addresses the deepest questions of existence, morality, purpose, and the afterlife. The presence of religious beliefs in every culture throughout history is a testimony to its necessity in human life. Islam views religion not as a human construct but as a divinely inspired system of guidance for mankind’s success in both worlds.
Definition of Religion
Etymologically, the term "religion" is derived from the Latin word religare, meaning to bind or connect, referring to a relationship between human beings and the Divine. Scholars define religion as a system of beliefs, practices, and moral codes that connect individuals to a higher power. In Islam, religion (Deen) is more than ritual worship; it is a comprehensive system governing every aspect of life. The Qur’an uses the term Deen to describe a way of life that includes belief, practice, morality, and legislation.
“Indeed, the only Deen with Allah is Islam.”
(Surah Aal-e-Imran 3:19)
Necessity of Religion in Human Life
Religion is necessary for multiple reasons. First, it provides a moral framework that guides human actions beyond mere legal obligations. Without religion, moral relativism prevails, leading to social chaos. Second, religion addresses the human need for meaning, identity, and existential purpose. Third, it offers psychological peace and emotional support in times of suffering, loss, or uncertainty. Finally, religion fosters social unity through shared beliefs and communal worship, creating an ethical and peaceful society.
“He who created death and life to test you [as to] which of you is best in deed.”
(Surah Al-Mulk 67:2)
Importance of Religion in Islam
Islam presents religion as divine guidance, not man-made philosophy. It offers a complete code of life that regulates individual behavior, family relations, economic activities, political systems, and spiritual development. The Qur’an describes itself as a light and guidance for all mankind. Islam also emphasizes Tazkiyah (self-purification), a process of moral and spiritual refinement. The belief in the Day of Judgment gives a strong sense of responsibility and accountability, essential for individual and collective reform.
“This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allah.”(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:2)
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Kinds of Religions
Religions can be broadly divided into two categories:
A. Revealed Religions (Divine Origin)
These are the religions based on revelations sent by Allah to His prophets. They include:
- Judaism: Based on the Torah revealed to Prophet Musa (AS)
- Christianity: Based on the Gospel revealed to Prophet Isa (AS)
- Islam: Based on the Qur’an revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), which confirms and completes previous revelations
B. Non-Revealed Religions (Man-Made or Philosophical)
These originate from philosophical insights, cultural traditions, or mystical experiences rather than divine revelation. Examples include:
- Hinduism: Based on Vedic literature and complex mythological systems
- Buddhism: Focuses on enlightenment through self-realization and detachment
- Confucianism: A moral and ethical system rooted in Chinese philosophy
Difference Between Revealed and Non-Revealed Religions
The key difference lies in origin: revealed religions are based on divine instruction, while non-revealed systems are human-centered. Revealed religions maintain a clear belief in monotheism, prophethood, and accountability. They offer a preserved, authentic scripture. In contrast, non-revealed religions often lack a clear divine figure or final judgment. Islam, being the last revealed religion, confirms the truth of earlier scriptures and supersedes them with a comprehensive, final message for humanity.
“This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as your religion.”
(Surah Al-Ma’idah 5:3)
Critical Analysis
The modern world, with its technological progress, still suffers from moral crises, psychological disorders, and societal decay, problems that materialism alone cannot solve. The necessity of religion is more evident today than ever. While non-revealed systems may provide ethical insights, only revealed religions offer divinely guaranteed paths to salvation. Islam stands out as the most complete and preserved religion, offering guidance for every age and society.
Conclusion
Religion is a divine necessity rooted in human nature and essential for inner peace, moral order, and social harmony. The distinction between revealed and non-revealed religions shows that only the former provide authoritative, timeless guidance from the Creator. Islam, as the last and perfected revealed religion, offers a universal message that satisfies both the spiritual and worldly needs of humanity. In an age of uncertainty, only divine revelation can anchor humanity to justice, truth, and salvation.
